Subject:
updated example 6-1 of lkmpg-2.4
From:
"Ian Jiang" ####@####.####
Date:
8 Nov 2006 12:43:12 -0000
Message-Id: <7b2fa1820611080443t5e4ba6e9n30e7039b033f56e3@mail.gmail.com>
To whom it concerned:
While referring to the lkmpg-2.4, I found that Example 6-1.procfs.c at
http://www.tldp.org/LDP/lkmpg/2.4/html/x770.html
is not for kernel 2.4.x
So I added some codes to make it work according to Exmaple 5-1.procfs.c at
http://www.tldp.org/LDP/lkmpg/2.4/html/x724.html
and it could work well under 2.4.21
I'd like to commit it here and hope that it will help. Here it is and
also attached.
============================================================
/* procfs.c - create a "file" in /proc, which allows both input and output.
*
* 2006-11-08 - Updated by Ian Jiang ####@####.####
*/
/* Kernel Programming */
#ifndef MODULE
#define MODULE
#endif
#define LINUX
#ifndef __KERNEL__
#define __KERNEL__
#endif
#include <linux/kernel.h> /* We're doing kernel work */
#include <linux/module.h> /* Specifically, a module */
/* Deal with CONFIG_MODVERSIONS */
#if CONFIG_MODVERSIONS==1
#define MODVERSIONS
#include <linux/modversions.h>
#endif
/* Necessary because we use proc fs */
#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
/* In 2.2.3 /usr/include/linux/version.h includes a
* macro for this, but 2.0.35 doesn't - so I add it
* here if necessary. */
#ifndef KERNEL_VERSION
#define KERNEL_VERSION(a,b,c) ((a)*65536+(b)*256+(c))
#endif
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(2,2,0)
#include <asm/uaccess.h> /* for get_user and put_user */
#endif
/* The module's file functions ********************** */
/* Here we keep the last message received, to prove
* that we can process our input */
#define MESSAGE_LENGTH 80
static char Message[MESSAGE_LENGTH];
/* Since we use the file operations struct, we can't
* use the special proc output provisions - we have to
* use a standard read function, which is this function */
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(2,2,0)
static ssize_t module_output(
struct file *file, /* The file read */
char *buf, /* The buffer to put data to (in the
* user segment) */
size_t len, /* The length of the buffer */
loff_t *offset) /* Offset in the file - ignore */
#else
static int module_output(
struct inode *inode, /* The inode read */
struct file *file, /* The file read */
char *buf, /* The buffer to put data to (in the
* user segment) */
int len) /* The length of the buffer */
#endif
{
static int finished = 0;
int i;
char message[MESSAGE_LENGTH+30];
/* We return 0 to indicate end of file, that we have
* no more information. Otherwise, processes will
* continue to read from us in an endless loop. */
if (finished) {
finished = 0;
return 0;
}
/* We use put_user to copy the string from the kernel's
* memory segment to the memory segment of the process
* that called us. get_user, BTW, is
* used for the reverse. */
sprintf(message, "Last input:%s", Message);
for(i=0; i < len && message[i]; i++)
put_user(message[i], buf+i);
/* Notice, we assume here that the size of the message
* is below len, or it will be received cut. In a real
* life situation, if the size of the message is less
* than len then we'd return len and on the second call
* start filling the buffer with the len+1'th byte of
* the message. */
finished = 1;
return i; /* Return the number of bytes "read" */
}
/* This function receives input from the user when the
* user writes to the /proc file. */
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(2,2,0)
static ssize_t module_input(
struct file *file, /* The file itself */
const char *buf, /* The buffer with input */
size_t length, /* The buffer's length */
loff_t *offset) /* offset to file - ignore */
#else
static int module_input(
struct inode *inode, /* The file's inode */
struct file *file, /* The file itself */
const char *buf, /* The buffer with the input */
int length) /* The buffer's length */
#endif
{
int i;
/* Put the input into Message, where module_output
* will later be able to use it */
for(i=0; i<MESSAGE_LENGTH-1 && i<length; i++)
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(2,2,0)
get_user(Message[i], buf+i);
/* In version 2.2 the semantics of get_user changed,
* it not longer returns a character, but expects a
* variable to fill up as its first argument and a
* user segment pointer to fill it from as the its
* second.
*
* The reason for this change is that the version 2.2
* get_user can also read an short or an int. The way
* it knows the type of the variable it should read
* is by using sizeof, and for that it needs the
* variable itself.
*/
#else
Message[i] = get_user(buf+i);
#endif
Message[i] = '\0'; /* we want a standard, zero
* terminated string */
/* We need to return the number of input characters
* used */
return i;
}
/* This function decides whether to allow an operation
* (return zero) or not allow it (return a non-zero
* which indicates why it is not allowed).
*
* The operation can be one of the following values:
* 0 - Execute (run the "file" - meaningless in our case)
* 2 - Write (input to the kernel module)
* 4 - Read (output from the kernel module)
*
* This is the real function that checks file
* permissions. The permissions returned by ls -l are
* for referece only, and can be overridden here.
*/
static int module_permission(struct inode *inode, int op)
{
/* We allow everybody to read from our module, but
* only root (uid 0) may write to it */
if (op == 4 || (op == 2 && current->euid == 0))
return 0;
/* If it's anything else, access is denied */
return -EACCES;
}
/* The file is opened - we don't really care about
* that, but it does mean we need to increment the
* module's reference count. */
int module_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
MOD_INC_USE_COUNT;
return 0;
}
/* The file is closed - again, interesting only because
* of the reference count. */
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(2,2,0)
int module_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
#else
void module_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
#endif
{
MOD_DEC_USE_COUNT;
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(2,2,0)
return 0; /* success */
#endif
}
/* Structures to register as the /proc file, with
* pointers to all the relevant functions. ********** */
/* File operations for our proc file. This is where we
* place pointers to all the functions called when
* somebody tries to do something to our file. NULL
* means we don't want to deal with something. */
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE > KERNEL_VERSION(2,4,0)
static struct file_operations File_Ops_4_Our_Proc_File =
{
read: module_output,
write: module_input,
open: module_open,
release: module_close,
};
#else
static struct file_operations File_Ops_4_Our_Proc_File =
{
NULL, /* lseek */
module_output, /* "read" from the file */
module_input, /* "write" to the file */
NULL, /* readdir */
NULL, /* select */
NULL, /* ioctl */
NULL, /* mmap */
module_open, /* Somebody opened the file */
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(2,2,0)
NULL, /* flush, added here in version 2.2 */
#endif
module_close, /* Somebody closed the file */
/* etc. etc. etc. (they are all given in
* /usr/include/linux/fs.h). Since we don't put
* anything here, the system will keep the default
* data, which in Unix is zeros (NULLs when taken as
* pointers). */
};
#endif
/* Inode operations for our proc file. We need it so
* we'll have some place to specify the file operations
* structure we want to use, and the function we use for
* permissions. It's also possible to specify functions
* to be called for anything else which could be done to
* an inode (although we don't bother, we just put
* NULL). */
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE > KERNEL_VERSION(2,4,0)
static struct inode_operations Inode_Ops_4_Our_Proc_File =
{
permission: module_permission,
};
#else
static struct inode_operations Inode_Ops_4_Our_Proc_File =
{
&File_Ops_4_Our_Proc_File,
NULL, /* create */
NULL, /* lookup */
NULL, /* link */
NULL, /* unlink */
NULL, /* symlink */
NULL, /* mkdir */
NULL, /* rmdir */
NULL, /* mknod */
NULL, /* rename */
NULL, /* readlink */
NULL, /* follow_link */
NULL, /* readpage */
NULL, /* writepage */
NULL, /* bmap */
NULL, /* truncate */
module_permission /* check for permissions */
};
#endif
/* Directory entry */
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE > KERNEL_VERSION(2,4,0)
static struct proc_dir_entry *Our_Proc_File;
#else
static struct proc_dir_entry Our_Proc_File =
{
0, /* Inode number - ignore, it will be filled by
* proc_register[_dynamic] */
7, /* Length of the file name */
"rw_test", /* The file name */
S_IFREG | S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR,
/* File mode - this is a regular file which
* can be read by its owner, its group, and everybody
* else. Also, its owner can write to it.
*
* Actually, this field is just for reference, it's
* module_permission that does the actual check. It
* could use this field, but in our implementation it
* doesn't, for simplicity. */
1, /* Number of links (directories where the
* file is referenced) */
0, 0, /* The uid and gid for the file -
* we give it to root */
80, /* The size of the file reported by ls. */
&Inode_Ops_4_Our_Proc_File,
/* A pointer to the inode structure for
* the file, if we need it. In our case we
* do, because we need a write function. */
NULL
/* The read function for the file. Irrelevant,
* because we put it in the inode structure above */
};
#endif
/* Module initialization and cleanup ******************* */
/* Initialize the module - register the proc file */
int init_module()
{
/* Success if proc_register[_dynamic] is a success,
* failure otherwise */
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(2,2,0)
/* In version 2.2, proc_register assign a dynamic
* inode number automatically if it is zero in the
* structure , so there's no more need for
* proc_register_dynamic
*/
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE > KERNEL_VERSION(2,4,0)
Our_Proc_File = create_proc_entry("rw_test", S_IFREG | S_IRUGO |
S_IWUSR, &proc_root);
if (Our_Proc_File == NULL)
return -ENOMEM;
else {
Our_Proc_File->proc_fops = &File_Ops_4_Our_Proc_File;
Our_Proc_File->proc_iops = &Inode_Ops_4_Our_Proc_File;
return 0;
}
#else
return proc_register(&proc_root, &Our_Proc_File);
#endif
#else
return proc_register_dynamic(&proc_root, &Our_Proc_File);
#endif
}
/* Cleanup - unregister our file from /proc */
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE > KERNEL_VERSION(2,4,0)
int cleanup_module(void)
{
remove_proc_entry("rw_test", &proc_root);
return 0;
}
#else
void cleanup_module()
{
proc_unregister(&proc_root, Our_Proc_File.low_ino);
}
#endif
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
============================================================
--
Ian Jiang
--> -->
<type 'exceptions.IOError'> | Python 2.5.2: /usr/bin/python
Wed May 1 02:37:20 2024 |
A problem occurred in a Python script. Here is the sequence of
function calls leading up to the error, in the order they occurred.
| /opt/ezmlm-browse-0.20/main.py in main() |
424
|
425 if path is not None:
|
426 main_path(path)
|
427 else:
|
428 main_form()
|
| global main_form = <function main_form at 0x97f4c6c> |
| /opt/ezmlm-browse-0.20/main.py in main_form() |
378 except ImportError:
|
379 die(ctxt, "Invalid command")
|
380 module.do(ctxt)
|
381
|
382 def main():
|
| module = <module 'commands.showmsg' from '/opt/ezmlm-browse-0.20/commands/showmsg.pyc'>, module.do = <function do at 0x97fd09c>, global ctxt = {'cmd': 'showmsg', 'threadidx': 0, 'HTTP_X_FORWA...harset': 'utf-8', 'HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING': 'gzip'} |
| /opt/ezmlm-browse-0.20/commands/showmsg.py in do(ctxt={'cmd': 'showmsg', 'threadidx': 0, 'HTTP_X_FORWA...harset': 'utf-8', 'HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING': 'gzip'}) |
18 write(html('msg-pager') % ctxt)
|
19 write('<hr>')
|
20 sub_showmsg(ctxt, ctxt[MSGNUM])
|
21 write('<hr>')
|
22 write(html('msg-pager') % ctxt)
|
| global sub_showmsg = <function sub_showmsg at 0x97f41ec>, ctxt = {'cmd': 'showmsg', 'threadidx': 0, 'HTTP_X_FORWA...harset': 'utf-8', 'HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING': 'gzip'}, global MSGNUM = 'msgnum' |
| /opt/ezmlm-browse-0.20/globalfns.py in sub_showmsg(ctxt={'cmd': 'showmsg', 'threadidx': 0, 'HTTP_X_FORWA...harset': 'utf-8', 'HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING': 'gzip'}, msgnum=349) |
229 format_timestamp(ctxt, ctxt)
|
230 write(html('msg-header') % ctxt)
|
231 rec_showpart(ctxt, msg, 0)
|
232 write(html('msg-footer') % ctxt)
|
233 ctxt.pop()
|
| global rec_showpart = <function rec_showpart at 0x97f41b4>, ctxt = {'cmd': 'showmsg', 'threadidx': 0, 'HTTP_X_FORWA...harset': 'utf-8', 'HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING': 'gzip'}, msg = <email.message.Message instance at 0x985554c> |
| /opt/ezmlm-browse-0.20/globalfns.py in rec_showpart(ctxt={'cmd': 'showmsg', 'threadidx': 0, 'HTTP_X_FORWA...harset': 'utf-8', 'HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING': 'gzip'}, part=<email.message.Message instance at 0x985554c>, partnum=1) |
205 else:
|
206 for p in part.get_payload():
|
207 partnum = rec_showpart(ctxt, p, partnum+1)
|
208 else:
|
209 write(html('msg-sep') % ctxt)
|
| partnum = 1, global rec_showpart = <function rec_showpart at 0x97f41b4>, ctxt = {'cmd': 'showmsg', 'threadidx': 0, 'HTTP_X_FORWA...harset': 'utf-8', 'HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING': 'gzip'}, p = <email.message.Message instance at 0x985b4cc> |
| /opt/ezmlm-browse-0.20/globalfns.py in rec_showpart(ctxt={'cmd': 'showmsg', 'threadidx': 0, 'HTTP_X_FORWA...harset': 'utf-8', 'HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING': 'gzip'}, part=<email.message.Message instance at 0x985b4cc>, partnum=2) |
208 else:
|
209 write(html('msg-sep') % ctxt)
|
210 sub_showpart(ctxt, part)
|
211 return partnum
|
212
|
| global sub_showpart = <function sub_showpart at 0x97f4144>, ctxt = {'cmd': 'showmsg', 'threadidx': 0, 'HTTP_X_FORWA...harset': 'utf-8', 'HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING': 'gzip'}, part = <email.message.Message instance at 0x985b4cc> |
| /opt/ezmlm-browse-0.20/globalfns.py in sub_showpart(ctxt={'cmd': 'showmsg', 'threadidx': 0, 'HTTP_X_FORWA...harset': 'utf-8', 'HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING': 'gzip'}, part=<email.message.Message instance at 0x985b4cc>) |
164 type = ctxt[TYPE] = part.get_content_type()
|
165 ctxt[FILENAME] = part.get_filename()
|
166 template = html('msg-' + type.replace('/', '-'))
|
167 if not template:
|
168 template = html('msg-' + type[:type.find('/')])
|
| global template = <function template at 0x97ece9c>, global html = <function html at 0x97eced4>, type = 'application/octet-stream', type.replace = <built-in method replace of str object at 0x9854aa0> |
| /opt/ezmlm-browse-0.20/globalfns.py in html(name='msg-application-octet-stream') |
40
|
41 def html(name):
|
42 return template(name + '.html')
|
43
|
44 def xml(name):
|
| global template = <function template at 0x97ece9c>, name = 'msg-application-octet-stream' |
| /opt/ezmlm-browse-0.20/globalfns.py in template(filename='msg-application-octet-stream.html') |
31 except IOError:
|
32 if not _template_zipfile:
|
33 _template_zipfile = zipfile.ZipFile(sys.argv[0])
|
34 try:
|
35 f = _template_zipfile.open(n).read()
|
| global _template_zipfile = None, global zipfile = <module 'zipfile' from '/usr/lib/python2.5/zipfile.pyc'>, zipfile.ZipFile = <class zipfile.ZipFile at 0x9785a4c>, global sys = <module 'sys' (built-in)>, sys.argv = ['-c', '/opt/ezmlm-browse-0.20'] |
| /usr/lib/python2.5/zipfile.py in __init__(self=<zipfile.ZipFile instance at 0x97f88ac>, file='-c', mode='r', compression=0, allowZip64=False) |
337 self.filename = file
|
338 modeDict = {'r' : 'rb', 'w': 'wb', 'a' : 'r+b'}
|
339 self.fp = open(file, modeDict[mode])
|
340 else:
|
341 self._filePassed = 1
|
| self = <zipfile.ZipFile instance at 0x97f88ac>, self.fp = None, builtin open = <built-in function open>, file = '-c', modeDict = {'a': 'r+b', 'r': 'rb', 'w': 'wb'}, mode = 'r' |
<type 'exceptions.IOError'>: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '-c'
args =
(2, 'No such file or directory')
errno =
2
filename =
'-c'
message =
''
strerror =
'No such file or directory'
